Photoshop Overlay

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Target: lower layer texture
Blend: upper layer texture

Overlay = (Target > 0.5) * (1 - (1-2*(Target-0.5)) * (1-Blend)) +
(Target <= 0.5) * ((2*Target) * Blend)

http://www.binary-artist.com/photoshop_tutorials/layer/photoshop_layer_blend_mode_overlay.php

http://blog.deepskycolors.com/archivo/2010/04/21/formulas-for-Photoshop-blending-modes.html

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